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Background@#Peste des petits ruminants (PPR), caused by the PPR virus (PPRV), is an acute and fatal contagious disease that mainly infects goats, sheep, and other artiodactyls.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are considered the primary innate immune cells. @*Objectives@#PBMCs derived from goats were infected with PPRV and analyzed to detect the relationship between PPRV replication and apoptosis or the inflammatory response. @*Methods@#Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to identify PPRV replication and cytokines expression. Flow cytometry was conducted to detect apoptosis and the differentiation of CD4+ and CD8+T cells after PPRV infection. @*Results@#PPRV stimulated the differentiation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. In addition, PPRV induced apoptosis in goat PBMCs. Furthermore, apoptosis and the inflammatory response induced by PPRV could be suppressed by Z-VAD-FMK and Z-YVAD-FMK, respectively.Moreover, the virus titer of PPRV was attenuated by inhibiting caspase-1-dependent apoptosis and inflammation. @*Conclusions@#This study showed that apoptosis and the inflammatory response play an essential role in PPR viral replication in vitro, providing a new mechanism related to the cell host response.
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Objective: To investigate the effect of pricking blood therapy on behavior and brainstem c-fos and c-jun gene expression in migraine rats. Methods: A rat model of migraine was made with nitroglycerol. The rats were treated by pricking blood. Rat behavior was observed. Brainstem c-fos and c-jun gene expression was examined by immunohistochemistry. Results: Ear redness improved significantly, the number of head scratchings decreased obviously (P<0.05) and c-fos and c-jun expression was reduced markedly (P<0.01) in the treatment group after pricking blood compared with the model group and the blank group. Conclusion: Pricking blood treatment can improve behavior indices and reduce c-fos and c-jun positive expression in migraine rats.
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OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of different polarity of components of Rhizoma Polygonati Odovati on the spleen and thymus gland in D-galactose-induced aging-model mice so as to establish the anti-aging mechanism and anti-aging active components of Rhizoma Polygonati Odovati.METHODS:Different polarity of extracts of Rhizoma Polygonati Odovati were extracted respectively with benzin petroleum,acetic ether,dehydrated alcohol,80% ethanol,and water as extract solvents.The model mice were intragastrically administered with different polarity of components of Rhizoma Polygonati Odovati for 56 consecutive days,and the effects of each extractive on the indexes and pathological change of immune organ D-galactose-induced aging-model mice were monitored.RESULTS:Compared with each other extractive,aqueous extract of Rhizoma Polygonati Odovati can prevent the atrophy of thymus and spleen,and ameliorate the patho-constitution of spleen and thymus gland.CONCLUSION:Aqueous extract of Rhizoma Polygonati Odovati maybe the anti-aging active components in Rhizoma Polygonati Odovati,and its mechanism maybe related to its function to prevent the atrophy of immune organs and improve the immune function.
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Analyzing the pressure of clinical teaching staff from their clinic teaching and study,the paper proposes building their professional steps,consummating their evaluation system,reducing their mental pressure,etc.so as to strengthen the construction of clinical teaching staff.
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Objective To study the expression changes in haptoglobin and ferritin after acute pulmonary embolism (PE). Methods A rat model of acute PE was reproduced in the present study by injecting 3-4 thrombi into the left jugular vein. The total RNA of the lung tissue was obtained at different time points, i.e. 1h, 8h, 24h, and 48h, and the normal rats were used as control. The changes in mRNA level of haptoglobin and ferritin were determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, and the changes in serum protein level of haptoglobin and ferritin were assessed by Western blot methods. Finally the serum concentrations of haptoglobin and ferritin were determined by means of immunonephelometry in 58 PE/deep vein thrombosis (PE/DVT) patients and 40 healthy individuals (controls). Results The mRNA levels of haptoglobin and ferritin were increased gradually in the experimental animals compared with controls, and their serum protein levels were also elevated in the rat with acute PE. The concentration of serum ferritin in controls was 79.42?31.57?g/L, whereas in PE/DVT patients it was 554.43?136.18?g/L (P
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[Objective] To observe the effect of combination of Rhizoma Coptidis (RC) and Fructus Evodiae (FE) in various proportions on rat models with heat syndrome. [Methods] Rat models with heat syndrome were set up by gastric infusion of Radix Codonopsis Pilosulae and Radix Astragali seu Hedysari. Fifty rats were allocated to five groups: normal control group (Group A), model group (Group B), model rats treated with RC and FE at the proportion of 6∶1 (Group C), model rats treated with RC and FE at the proportion of 2∶1 (Group D) and model rats treated with RC and FE at the proportion of 1∶1 (Group E). [Results] Ultrastructure of hepatic cells were improved in Group C, Group D and Group E. Indexes of heat syndrome such as temperature, serum corticosteroid (Cor) level and 17 - hydroxycorticosteroid (17-OHCS) content in homogenate of adrenal glands were decreased in Group C and Group D but stayed unchanged in Group E as compared with Group B ( P
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Ventilator aid respiration is important for patients with respiratory failure.But the negative emotional reaction of patient during connection and disconnection to ventilator will seriously influence the therapeutic effect,so a comprehensive underatanding about the emotional characteristic and dynamic emotion change of patient is of primary importance,because it will improve the diagnostic and therapeutic level,give patient personalized take care and make effective therapeutic plan,which will help keep a good emotion state for patient and accelerate recovery.This article will discuss how to use ventilator more effectively and economically.
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Objective To explore the anti-aging mechanisms of Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati(RPO)and its anti-aging active components.Methods After drenching extracts of RPO for 56 days,the behavioral indexes of memory,learning and tolerance,changes of immune organs of spleen and thymus gland,testis index,plasma superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity,hepatic malondialdehyde(MDA)content were observed in D-galactose-induced suhacute senile mice model. Results Aqueous extract shows a trend of improving the memory and learning abilities,and can increase the tolerance of aging-model mice,prevent the atrophy of thymus gland and testis,enhance the activity of SOD and reduce the content of MDA.Conclusion Aqueous extract of RPO may be the anti-aging active components in RPO,and its mechanism may be concerned with the increase of immune function,prevention of the atrophy of genitical glands,counteraction of oxidation,clearance of free radicals and prevention of senile dementia.
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Objective To explore the possibility of differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)into alveolar epithelial cells and bronchial epithelial cells.Methods MSCs were isolated from a male SD rat and were labeled with DAPI before injection.75 female recipient SD rats were divided randomly into five groups:lung injury group,MSCs treatment group,MSCs control group,mononuclear cells control group and normal control group.One,two and four weeks after the engraftment,five rats in each group were sacrificed and their lungs were harvested.Alveolar structure was observed by HE staining,and immunofluorescent examination was carried out to detect the positive staining of pan-cytokeratin.Results Some blue DAPI-labeled cells could be seen in alveolar wall in MSCs treatment group one,two and four weeks after MSCs engraftment,and some of these blue DAPI-labeled cells were found to express pan-cytokeratin.It was also found that some blue DAPI-labeled cells could be found in bronchial wall two weeks after MSCs engraftment and some of them were pan-cytokeratin positive.However,these phenomena were not found in other groups.Conclusion Rat MSCs could differentiate into alveolar epithelial cells and bronchial epithelial cells in injured lung induced by bleomycin exposure.
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Objective To study the changes in expression of osteoglycin (OGN) in the lung tissue in a rat acute pulmonary embolism (PE) model and its effects on the metabolism of collagen. Methods A rat acute PE model was reproduced by injecting 3-4 emboli into the left jugular vein. The lung tissue samples were collected at different time points as following: 1h, 8h, 24h and 48h, then the total RNA and total proteins of the lung tissue were extracted. Normal rats were used as control. The changes in mRNA level in OGN were assayed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, and the changes in protein level were determined by Western blot method. The immunohistochemical method was employed to study the distribution and expression changes in OGN in the lung tissue after PE. Masson staining was employed to observe the deposition of collagen in the lung tissue 4 weeks after acute PE. Results t different time points, the mRNA levels and the protein levels of OGN were lowered gradually in the lung tissue in rat acute PE models. The immunohistochemical study indicated that OGN was distributed beneath the bronchial epithelium, and in the periphery of cartilaginous tissue and the lung alveoli. It also could be observed beneath the arterial endothelium and in the adventitia of pulmonary arteries. In pulmonary veins, OGN accumulated in the adventitia, media, and intima. The deposition of collagen in the lung tissue increased obviously 4 weeks after acute PE. Conclusion The expression of OGN is down-regulated after acute PE. It facilitates the deposition of collagen in the lung tissue.